Globally, the production of ammonia is increasing with the population growth, as it is one of the main ingredients of the fertilizer that enhance soil productivity. Moreover, ammonia has three times the energy density of compressed hydrogen, is emerging as a carbon-free energy carrier. Realizing the global demand and market, visionary nations like Norway, Denmark, and many more nations have initiated green ammonia production from renewable energy. Nepal has no facilities for ammonia plants, should develop pilot-scale production to contribute to the local market and attract an investor for large-scale production.
The most common method for ammonia production is the Haber-Bosch process. In the conventional Haber-Bosch, around 2% of fossil fuel is consumed worldwide and liberates over 420 million tonnes of CO2 annually. In contrast to the carbon-based Haber-Bosch, Haber -Bosch process coupled with water electrolysis will make the process completely free with carbon. The production and application of green ammonia are in figure. The main elements of this carbon-free Haber-Bosch process are air, water, and surplus hydroelectricity.
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